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| Mixing: Monitors or Headphones? Posted: 08 Sep 2010 01:00 AM PDT This tutorial will discuss why some people people prefer monitors over headphones – and vice versa. I'll start by explaining a little about true stereo and binaural recordings to help you understand. I'll then talk about monitors and headphones, give my opinion, and recommend some studio monitors. Binaural Recording and True StereoA binaural recording is made using a dummy head or your own head. What they do is put microphones in your ears that are attached to a portable recorder. From this you will record things as you hear it. For example, when having your hair shaved you will hear it very differently compared to the person shaving your head. And the same principal as a trumpet player who will hear the trumpet differently to someone standing in front of it. The best example of this is possibly that people sound different in their own head. This is because they get the vibrations of their skull, reverb off the walls and because their ear is on their head not in front of their mouth. I'm sure most of you will have heard the binaural haircut recording. This should be listened in headphones because it's binaural and will make it sound like its actually happening to you. It will not work with monitors because it won't be how you hear it – it's not in your ears so its not happening in your head and it won't work in mono. Now the problem with headphones is that the center of stereo is right in front of you isn't it, so how can you have sound be dead in the center when headphones only give you left and right, there is no center meaning it makes it sound like the music's in your head and not in the room. MonitorsSo we've talked a little about binaural recordings and how the center of a stereo mix in headphones doesn't really exists, which is why things sound different in headphones and monitors. The problem with monitors is that the sound of mixing on monitors can vary room by room because of natural reverb unless you're mixing in a totally dry environment, also if you're doing home recording, have a family and far too busy to do mixing during the day I'm sure they won't appreciate you mixing on monitors. Most people prefer monitors. But why? It's usually so they can have it loud. Everything sounds better loud, but this isn't how you should mix check my 3 Mixing Tips to read about it. It also has something to do with what I like to call "True Stereo". As I mentioned above you have your left, right, front and possibly rear if you're doing 5.1 surround sound mixing, compared to just left and right with headphone mixing. Monitors are also more expensive than headphones, and to buy a good subwoofer usually costs more than the monitors themselves. HeadphonesDon't be put off getting headphones just yet though! Many people use headphones to mix with, and it works well for them. You can buy specially made headphones specifically for mixing audio that work great, but you will still have the true stereo problem. Headphones usually have a weak low end, so your bass will usually get muddy on a headphone mix. Shadowing is another common problem with headphone mixing. Shadowing is the overspill of left and right speakers reaching both your ears – you can hear the right speaker in your left ear and vice versa. But with headphones the sound is isolated to just one ear. There are plug-ins that can help try and give you the shadowing effect of listening to monitors through headphones, but they're not perfect. One freeware shadowing plug-in is by Vellocet. It is surprising how much it can affect the quality of your mix when you listen back on a decent stereo monitor setup. You will realise that it sounded better in headphones, but if you mixed on monitors first it would be the other way around. Headphones are great for listening in detail, noticing clicks and distortion. Many people do great jobs of mixing with headphones, and it's great for checking your monitor mix for anything that's missing. It will let you hear the song from a different perspective. My VoteMy vote would go with a decent set of monitors, but also use headphones for those late night mixing sessions, for a different perspective on your mix, and listening for detail. You don't have to spend a lot of money on a decent set of monitors. DONT BE AFRAID TO BUY SECOND HAND! Many people sell to upgrade and there is nothing wrong with the equipment they are selling. Recommended MonitorsTannoy Reveal 5A's£250-300 pair (new)  These monitors have a great low end for small monitors without a sub. They are favoured by mastering engineers, and have a range over 30kHz without making everything sound too bright. Many mastering and mixing engineers favour these over Genelecs for price and quality. They are neutral and balanced well for detailed listening, pick up a pair second hand and you'll have no end of fun. Amazon: $349 each Genelec 6010A & 5040A (Sub)£199 per speaker (new)  These monitors are the far more expensive option, but if you've got the budget these are great monitors with 2-way active speakers and onboard amps. They have a 76mm woofer and a 19mm tweeter that have 12 Watts each. The set has crossover filters and protection circuitry and then the big boy of the set is the mushroom shaped sub-woof with 40 Watts of power, and goes down to 35Hz, which is plenty. It has its own volume control that will operate the whole system. This thing will give even more expensive monitors a challenge. But for £800 ($1,202 approx) roughly overall it better do a good job. Amazon: $639 pair or $1,250.50 with sub
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| Quick Tip: 10 Quick Editing Tips Posted: 07 Sep 2010 05:16 PM PDT Usually, editing is overlooked as a part of audio production. It’s not that engineers don’t know what it is, it’s just that it’s looked at the same way a chef would look at doing the dishes. It’s boring. It’s tedious and tiresome to go through each and every track to spot the glitches, pops and abnormal volume changes. That said, here are some effective editing tips you can keep in mind the next time you finished recording and are deciding to dive into the mixing phase.
 http://www.sxc.hu/profile/sibaudio Tip 1: Edit Before You Start MixingThe best way to approach a mix is if all the tracks are edited and sounding the best they can. If you dedicate a part of your session to editing your tracks the mixing aspect will be easier and more enjoyable. Tip 2: Cut Out Any Background Noise Between PhrasesGo through all your tracks and listen to the silences between phrases. Most of the time, especially with vocal tracks, the parts that look like silences in your DAW do have noise, very quiet breaths and the occasional lyric sheet being turned. And guess what happens when you add compression to those vocals? The noise floor goes up and now the noise is even more audible. Tip 3: Use Fades EffectivelySometimes, when you have a quiet backing track and suddenly you introduce more instrument to the mix, the volume change might sound abnormal. By using fades you can minimize the aural unexpectedness of adding more instruments to a mix. Tip 4: Cut At the Zero PointThe zero point is the point in the waveform where the positive and negative side of a wave meet. This is where the volume of the wave is zero. By cutting here you can avoid clicks and pops in your audio. Tip 5: Raise the Volume of Individual PhrasesIf some phrases of a track sound much louder or quieter than the rest, rather than compressing the whole track to lower the dynamic range try raising or lowering the individual phrases. That way your compression will be more effective over the track as a whole. Tip 6: Move Regions for Quick FixesIf a phrase or two don’t sound completely in the pocket or a drum hit doesn’t come exactly on the beat, there is nothing wrong with a little digital magic and moving a phrase here or there if it’s just for quick fixes. But if you’re spending most of your time moving a complete bass track here or there usually you’re better off recording the whole part again. Tip 7: Copy/PasteThe beauty of doing things in the digital domain is that you can copy and paste parts to other sections in the song. Say your singer has a cold and his voice breaks after the first chorus, or you want to copy a guitar part to another place in the chorus. Maybe you can fly the chorus vocal into the intro parts to create a completely new arrangement. It’s very easy and quick to try out new arrangements by copying and pasting like this. Tip 8: Use A.D.T.In a similar vein, using artificial double tracking to double a part is an easy part of editing. Just copy and paste a phrase and displace it a few milliseconds after the original to create this effect. Tip 9: Use MutesBy cutting up regions into their respective intro, verse, chorus parts etc. you can create dynamics and anticipation throughout the songs. Say you have a lonely vocal in the first verse, a doubled one in the chorus and then various harmonizations for the rest of the track. By muting some vocals and then introducing them sporadically you can create a type of suspense. Tip 10: Get It Over WithEditing can be boring. But it’s worth it – get it over with. When you have clean tracks, devoid of background noise, fades that compliment your tracks and innovative arrangements by experimenting with regions you can clearly see how the benefits of editing reveal themselves.
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